Comparison of Effects of Liuzijue Exercise and Conventional Respiratory Training on Patients after Cardiac Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the feasibility and safety of Liuzijue exercise (LE) for the clinical effect in patients after cardiac surgery.@*METHODS@#Totally 120 patients who underwent cardiac surgery and were admitted to the Cardiothoracic Intensive Care Unit of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital between July and Oclober, 2022 were allocated to the LE group, the conventional respiratory training (CRT) group, and the control group by a random number table at a ratio of 1:1:1; 40 patients in each group. All patients received routine treatment and cardiac rehabilitation. LE group and CRT group respectively performed LE and CRT once a day for 30 min for 7 days. Control group did not receive specialized respiratory training. The forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 s, peak inspiratory flow rate, peak expiratory flow rate, maximum inspiratory pressure, maximum expiratory pressure, modified Barthel index (MBI), and Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAM-A) were evaluated before, after 3 and 7 days of intervention. In addition, the postoperative length of hospital stay (LOS) and the adverse events that occurred during the intervention period were compared.@*RESULTS@#A total of 107 patients completed the study, 120 patients were included in the analysis. After 3 days of intervention, the pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength, MBI and HAM-A of all 3 groups improved compared with that before the intervention (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with the control group, pulmonary function and respiratory muscle strength were significantly improved in the CRT and LE groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01). MBI and HAM-A were significantly improved in the LE group compared with the control and CRT groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01). On the 7th day after intervention, the difference was still statistically significant (P<0.01), and was significantly different from that on the 3rd day (P<0.05 or P<0.01). In addition, on the 7th day of intervention, the pulmonary function and respiratory muscle strength in the LE group were significantly improved compared with those in the CRT group (P<0.01). MBI and HAM-A were significantly improved in the CRT group compared with the control group (P<0.01). There were no significant differences in postoperative LOS among the 3 groups (P>0.05). No training-related adverse events occurred during the intervention period.@*CONCLUSIONS@#LE is safe and feasible for improving pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength, the ability to complete activities of daily living and for relieving anxiety of patients after cardiac surgery (Registration No. ChiCTR2200062964).

Treatment Progress in Diminished Ovarian Reserve: Western and Chinese Medicine / 中国结合医学杂志

Diminished ovarian reserve (DOR), generally defined as a decreased number or quality of oocytes, has a significant impact on quality of life and fertility in women. In recent years, the incidence of DOR has been increasing and the ages of patients are younger. The search for an effective DOR treatment has emerged as one of the preeminent research topics in reproductive health. An effective DOR therapy would improve ovarian function, fertility, and quality of life in patients. In this review we evaluated DOR treatment progress both in Western medicine and Chinese medicine, and elucidated the characteristics of each treatment.

Research status and trends of acupuncture and moxibustion for cancer：a bibliometric analysis based on CiteSpace and VOSviewer / 中国针灸

To analyze the research status of acupuncture and moxibustion for cancer at home and abroad in the past 45 years by using bibliometric and scientific knowledge map methods，and explore the development trends in future. The literature of acupuncture and moxibustion for cancer was retrieved from CNKI and Web of Science (WOS) till December 31, 2020 since the database establishment, and CiteSpace and VOSviewer software were used to perform visual map analysis through cooperation network, keyword co-occurrence, keyword timeline, keyword emergence and other methods. Totally, 1 585 literature in CNKI and 1 564 literature in WOS were included, and the annual publication amount showed a fluctuating upward trend. Cooperation between countries was centered on China and the United States, and there was relatively little cooperation among different institutions. The analysis of keyword and cited literature showed that researches focused on the control of acupuncture and moxibustion therapy on cancer complications and adverse reactions of western medicine. The main research types in WOS were systematic review and randomized controlled trial (RCT), while in CNKI was review, depth studies on mechanism of acupuncture and moxibustion for cancer were rare. The concern about the quality of life of cancer patients may become research emphasis in the field of acupuncture and moxibustion for cancer in future, and the research scope tends to integrative and holistic oncology.

Discussion on registry study of acupuncture-moxibustion for malignant pleural effusion / 中国针灸

Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is one of the common complications of tumor. Acupuncture-moxibustion therapy has several advantages for treatment of MPE. Acupuncture is regarded as a complex individualized intervention, and its characteristics of TCM is difficult to be reflected by strict randomized controlled trials. The registry study provides more possibilities for the data collection of individualized diagnosis and treatment under the guidance of the overall concept and syndrome differentiation, and is more suitable for data management and collection of large samples and multi-center trials in the real-world study. It has become an opportunity to carry out real-world study of acupuncture for MPE. There are many challenges in the registry study of acupuncture for MPE. However, it is of great significance to collect real-world data of acupuncture for MPE to improve the clinical effect of MPE and provide a new clinical research method for acupuncture in tumors and related complications.

Theoretical and Clinical Studies of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine for Infertile Women with Diminished Ovarian Reserve / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Infertility with diminished ovarian reserve(DOR) is a major problem in the field of reproductive health and it has attracted great attention worldwidely.Function deficiency of the kidney is one of the fundamental pathogenesis for DOR.Traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs) have a long history with rich experience for the treatment of infertility.Some TCMs are very effective in the treatment of kidney deficiency for infertility with DOR.The integrated TCMs and western medicine,and combination of disease differentiation and syndrome differentiation may help for diagnosis and treatment of infertility with DOR.We adopt the concept of unified treatment for special disease,and the methods and principle of treatment can be used.Therefore,we adopt the TCM concept of kidney-tonifying,blood-nourishing,liver-dispersing and spleen-invigorating.The TCMs kidney-tonifying formulae are added and subtracted.TCMs can regulate the reproductive function via multiple systems for simultaneous conditioning of follicular development and ovulation.At the same time,a hypothesis of " simultaneous conditioning of follicular development and ovulation" was proposed.Two-stage therapy with integrated TCMs and western medicine has been used,mainly for increasing the number of eggs,and improving follicle quality.The goal is to achieve simultaneous conditioning of follicular development and ovulation and ultimately for effective treatment of infertility with DOR.

Adjuvant therapy of moxibustion combined with formula for peritoneal effusion of ovarian malignant tumors / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the clinical efficacy of adjuvant therapy of moxibustion combined with formula for peritoneal effusion of ovarian malignant tumors.@*METHODS@#Sixty patients with peritoneal effusion of ovarian malignant tumors were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 30 cases in each group. The patients in the control group were treated with intravenous infusion of paclitaxel liposome at the first day and cisplatin at the 2nd to 4th day, 21 days as a course of treatment, and 4 courses were given. Based on the treatment of the control group, the patients in the observation group were treated by moxibustion combined with formula. Moxibustion was applied at Mingmen (GV 4), Pishu (BL 20), Shenshu (BL 23), Shenque (CV 8), Guanyuan (CV 4), Zigong (EX-CA 1), Zhongwan (CV 12), Shuifen (CV 9), Qihai (CV 6) and Zhongji (CV 3), each acupoint for 30 min, once a day for 12 weeks. formula was taken twice orally, one dose a day, 2 weeks as a course of treatment, and 6 courses were given. The levels of , , and / in peripheral blood were measured before and after 12-week treatment in the two groups. The changes of peritoneal effusion volume and Karnofsky performance status scale (KPS) score before and after treatment were compared between the two groups, and the clinical efficacy of the two groups was evaluated.@*RESULTS@#The symptom improvement rate was 96.7% (29/30) and overall effective rate was 86.7% (26/30) in the observation group, which were significantly superior to those in the control group [80.0% (24/30) and 56.7% (17/30), 0.05), and the increase in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (<0.05). After treatment, the volume of peritoneal effusion in the two groups was decreased (<0.01), and the reduced volume in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (<0.05). After treatment, KPS scores were increased significantly in both two groups (<0.01), and the increase in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (<0.05). The incidence rate of adverse reactions in the observation group was lower than that in the control group [23.3% (7/30) vs 53.3% (16/30), <0.05].@*CONCLUSION@#Moxibustion combined with formula could effectively improve the immune function, reduce the volume of peritoneal effusion, improve the symptom improvement rate, overall effective rate and the quality of life, and reduce the incidence of adverse reactions in chemotherapy of patients with peritoneal effusion of ovarian malignant tumors.

Relationship between depressive symptoms and miRNA expression level in monocytes of patients with depression before and after antidepressant treatment / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To explore the correlation of depressive symptoms to the microRNA (miRNA) expression level in monocytes of patients with depression before and after antidepressant treatment. Methods Eighty-one patients with depression, admitted to the 102 Hospital of PLA from Aug. 2012 to Oct. 2013, having not received antidepressants treatment and meeting the criteria as listed in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual 4th edition (DSM-IV), were selected as case group. Eighty-one normal individuals served as control group. With Affymetrix Expression Array, 26 miRNAs were identified from 3 individuals from each group as candidate miRNA, and among them 9 miRNAs (miR-146b, miR-1972, miR-26b, miR-29b, miR-338, miR-4485, miR-4498, miR-4743 and miR-874) in monocytes were selected for quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assessment. Twenty patients from the case group were selected for the assessment of miRNA expression levels, and the clinical symptoms and treatment effect were evaluated using Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and Clinical Global Impression (CGI), before and 6 weeks after antidepressant (venlafaxine, sertraline, mirtazapine, etc.) treatment. ResultsCompared with the control group, the expression levels of miRNA-26b, miRNA-4743, miRNA-4498, miRNA-4485 and miRNA-1972 of the case group were significantly up-regulated (P<0.05). The variance of expression level of miRNA-4743, miRNA-4498, miRNA-4485 and miRNA-1972 was respectively positively correlated with improvement in retardation factors (P<0.05), meanwhile the variance of expression level of miRNA-26b was negatively correlated with the improvement of day and night change factors (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the alteration of miRNA-4485 expression may account 28.8% of retardation variance (P<0.05). ConclusionThe miRNA-4743, miRNA-4498, miRNA-4485, miRNA-1972 and miRNA-26b in monocytes may serve as the biomarkers for the prognosis of depressive disorder.

Study on cognition and behavior of methadone maintenance treatment among the community-based drug users in Dongguan, Guangdong province / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To understand the cognition of methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) and to explore the factors associated with the coverage of MMT, among the community-based drug users in Dongguan, Guangdong province.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In 2008, respondent-driven sampling was applied to recruit community-based drug users in Dongguan. A structured questionnaire was used for a face to face interview. RDSAT was applied to adjust the estimates and the results from bivariate analysis. SPSS was used for multivariate analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 303 drug users were recruited within a 15-week period. The coverage of MMT program was 8.4% (95%CI: 3.4 - 16.5). 62.9% of the drug users had heard of MMT, of which 80.8% had not been enrolled at MMT mainly for the following reasons: fear of being arrested (25%), being not familiar with the application process (18.9%), no certification of domiciliary register and or ever being in detoxification center (18.7%) and thinking poorly of MMT (18.3%). Multiple logistic regression model indicated that those who were local residents (OR = 22.5, 95%CI: 6.6 - 75.7) and whose effect of MMT being evaluated as positive (OR = 24.1, 95%CI: 6.3 - 91.6) were more likely to be enrolled at the MMT program.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Community-based drug users had some irrational cognition on MMT program. Dissemination and sharing of information on MMT should be strengthened through media and existing social network among drug users. More concern should be paid to the people who were on migration when making policy to improve the coverage of MMT.</p>

HIV prevalence and its correlation among the community-based drug users in Dongguan in 2008 / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To understand the HIV epidemic and its correlation among the community-based drug users in Dongguan, Guangdong province.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In 2008, 13 drug users were identified as seeds in Dongguan. Respondent driven sampling was applied to recruit community-based drug users. A structured questionnaire was used for a face to face interview. Intravenous blood samples were collected for the measurement of HIV, HCV and syphilis antibodies. RDS analysis tool (RDSAT) was applied for adjusting the estimates and bivariate analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 303 drug users were recruited within 15 weeks and 300 blood samples were collected. After RDSAT adjustment, the prevalence rates of HIV, HCV and syphilis were 14.7% (95%CI: 6.1% - 25.4%), 63.2% (95%CI: 55.7% - 71.7%), and 4.7% (95%CI: 1.8% - 8.2%) respectively. The HIV prevalence rates among those who were HCV seropositive, migration, younger than 26 years at their first drug use, and ever shared needles or syringes were 22.9% (95%CI: 10.8% - 37.0%), 26.9% (95% CI: 11.4% - 44.9%), 19.9% (95%CI: 8.3% - 35.7%), and 29.1% (95%CI: 12.3% - 45.1%) respectively. The proportions of the drug users who were enrolled at methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) of local residency, migration were 20.9% (95%CI: 4.1% - 44.6%), 2.3% (95%CI: 0.0% - 7.0%) respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The HIV epidemic among the community-based drug users in Dongguan is serious. Drug users who are HCV seropositive, migration, younger than 26 years at their first drug use, and ever shared needles or syringes are more likely to be HIV seropositive.</p>

Expression of AMPA receptors and related protein in immobilization stressed rats and effect of Xiaoyaosan / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>AIM</b>To observe protein expression changes of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor and related regulatory protein in the hippocampus and amygdala in chronic immobilization stressed rat and Xiaoyaosan's regulatory effect.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Rats were tied 3 h per day to establish immobilization stress condition and treatment with Xiaoyaosan. After 7 days and 21 days stress, the protein expression of AMPA receptor subunit (GluR2/3), N-ethylmaleimide sensitive factor (NSF) and protein interacting with C-kinase 1 (PICK1) in hippocampus and amygdala were detected by using Western blot techniques.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression of GluR2/3, NSF in dentate gyrus (DG) and amygdala were markedly attenuated (P < 0.05) and PICK1 in CA1 region were significantly increased (P < 0.05) in 7 d immobilization stressed rats while 7 days xiaoyaosan treatment showed an effective regulatory result to PICK1's changes. Under 21 days immobilization stressed condition, the expression of GluR2/3, NSF in CA1 region showed an increasing trend, and GluR2/3 showed a markedly increase (P < 0.01), but showed an significantly decreased trend in amygdala, Xiaoyaosan showed an effective result to such changes above (P < 0.05). The expression of PICK1 showed increasing trend in amygdala and xiaoyaosan could lower its expression (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There are different trends of the expression of AMPA receptor in repeat short-term stress versus chronic immobilization stress, and in hippocampal CA1 region versus amygdala. Xiaoyaosan has better regulation effect on the expression of AMPA receptors in the condition of chronic immobilization stress than those of repeat shortterm stress.</p>

Changes of central AMPA receptor subunits and related protein mRNA expression in immobilization stressed rats and effect of Xiaoyaosan on them / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the changes of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor subunit and related regulatory protein mRNA expression in the hippocampus and amygdala in immobilization stressed rats and effect of Xiaoyaosan (XYS) on them.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Immobilization model rats were established by binding for 3 h per day and intervened with XYS, the expression of AMPA receptor subunit (GluR1-4), N-ethylmaleimide sensitive factor (NSF) and protein interacting with C-kinase 1 (PICK1) mRNA expression in model rats' CA1 and CA3 regions of hippocampus, dentate gyrus and amygdala were detected on day 7 and day 21 after modeling.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>On day 7, expression of GluR1 mRNA was significantly decreased in CA1 region (P < 0.05) and increased in CA3 region and amygdala (all P < 0.05); expression of GluR2 and GluR3 mRNA in amygdala (all P < 0.05) and GluR4 mRNA in CA1 region (P < 0.01) significantly increased, but the expression of NSF and PICK1 mRNA in amygdala only showed an increasing trend. XYS showed effective regulation on GluR4 mRNA in CA1 region (P < 0.01) and GluR1-3 mRNA expression (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) in amygdala. On day 21, the expression of GluR4 mRNA in CA1 region (P < 0.05) and GluR2 mRNA in dentate gyrus (P < 0.05) markedly lowered and expression of GluR1 mRNA in amygdala increased (P < 0.01); XYS significantly regulated the expression of GluR1 and GluR4 mRNA in CA1 region (all P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Repeated stress in a short time shows effect on expression of AMPA receptor subunit mRNA stronger than chronic stress. The regulation of XYS to AMPA receptor subunit mRNA expression were obvious in hippocampal CA1 region and amygdala.</p>

Study Progress of Gasotransmitter Hydrogen Sulfide and Cardiovascular Diseases / 实用儿科临床杂志

Hydrogen sulfide is found to be the third gasotransmitter.It exerts extensive biological effects in nerve system,cardiovascular system,gastrointestinal system,and so on.In cardiovascular system,it exerts the function of vasorelaxation,inhibition of vascular smooth mu-scle cells and cardioprotection.It is also concerted with many cardiovascular diseases such as pulmonary hypertension,hypertension,coronary heart disease,atherosclerosis.This review discusses the latest research progress in the significance of hydrogen sulfide in cardiovascular diseases.